Reactance & Impedance Calculator
About Reactance & Impedance
In AC circuits, components such as inductors and capacitors oppose the flow of alternating current in a manner different from resistance. This opposition is known as reactance. Reactance depends on the frequency of the AC supply and plays a crucial role in circuit behavior, power flow, and phase relationships.
Inductive reactance occurs due to inductors and increases with frequency, while capacitive reactance occurs due to capacitors and decreases with frequency. The combined effect of resistance and reactance in an AC circuit is called impedance.
Formulas Used
Inductive Reactance: XL = 2πfL
Capacitive Reactance: XC = 1 ÷ (2πfC)
Impedance: Z = √[R² + (XL − XC)²]
How to Use This Calculator
Enter the resistance, inductance, capacitance, and supply frequency values. If a component is not present, enter zero for that value. Click the Calculate button to instantly compute inductive reactance, capacitive reactance, and total impedance.
Example
R = 10 Ω, L = 0.05 H, C = 0.00001 F, f = 50 Hz
XL = 2π × 50 × 0.05 = 15.71 Ω
XC = 1 ÷ (2π × 50 × 0.00001) = 318.31 Ω
Z = √[10² + (15.71 − 318.31)²] ≈ 303.3 Ω
Reactance and impedance calculations are essential in AC circuit analysis, resonance conditions, filter design, and power system studies. Understanding impedance helps engineers predict current, voltage drop, and power factor accurately.
This calculator is extremely helpful for EEE students, lab experiments, and engineers working in power electronics, electrical machines, and transmission systems.
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